Family tree Jacobs » Neeltje van Bruchem (1782-1861)

Christening day April 28, 1782

• The temperature on April 28, 1782 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east by north. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
• Erfstadhouder Prins Willem V (Willem Batavus) (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1751 till 1795 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden)
• In the year 1782: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 7 » The first American commercial bank, the Bank of North America, opens.
  • March 8 » Gnadenhutten massacre: Ninety-six Native Americans in Gnadenhutten, Ohio, who had converted to Christianity, are killed by Pennsylvania militiamen in retaliation for raids carried out by other Indian tribes.
  • March 16 » Anglo-Spanish War (1779): Action of 16 March 1782.
  • June 20 » The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
  • August 7 » George Washington orders the creation of the Badge of Military Merit to honor soldiers wounded in battle. It is later renamed to the more poetic Purple Heart.
  • December 14 » The Montgolfier brothers first test fly an unmanned hot air balloon in France; it floats nearly 2km (1.2mi).

Day of marriage April 25, 1818

• The temperature on April 25, 1818 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt omtrent helder omtrent betrokken. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 2 » The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded by a group of six engineers; Thomas Telford would later become its first president.
  • March 16 » In the Second Battle of Cancha Rayada, Spanish forces defeated Chileans under José de San Martín.
  • March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
  • April 4 » The United States Congress, affirming the Second Continental Congress, adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 at that time).
  • April 19 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
  • December 13 » Cyril VI of Constantinople resigns from his position as Ecumenical Patriarch.

Day of death March 1, 1861

• The temperature on March 1, 1861 was about 6.3 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 20 kgf/m² and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
• From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
• In the year 1861: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • May 29 » The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce is founded, in Hong Kong.
  • June 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Fairfax Court House is fought.
  • August 5 » American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US$800; rescinded in 1872).
  • August 19 » First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.
  • October 25 » The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
  • December 26 » American Civil War: The Trent Affair: Confederate diplomatic envoys James Murray Mason and John Slidell are freed by the United States government, thus heading off a possible war between the United States and the United Kingdom.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1841 » Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1764)
• 1862 » Peter Barlow, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
• 1875 » Tristan Corbière, French poet and educator (b. 1845)
• 1882 » Theodor Kullak, German pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1818)
• 1884 » Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician and academic (b. 1820)
• 1906 » José María de Pereda, Spanish author (b. 1833)