The temperature on March 31, 1863 was about 7.8 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 43%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 12 » American Civil War: Battle of Raymond: Two divisions of James B. McPherson's XVII Corps turn the left wing of Confederate General John C. Pemberton's defensive line on Fourteen Mile Creek, opening up the interior of Mississippi to the Union Army during the Vicksburg Campaign.
May 18 » American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg begins.
June 9 » American Civil War: Battle of Brandy Station, Virginia.
July 4 » American Civil War: The Army of Northern Virginia withdraws from the battlefield after losing the Battle of Gettysburg, signalling an end to the Confederate invasion of U.S. territory.
November 16 » American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee: Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
November 26 » United States President Abraham Lincoln proclaims November 26 as a national Thanksgiving Day, to be celebrated annually on the final Thursday of November. Following the Franksgiving controversy from 1939 to 1941, it has been observed on the fourth Thursday in 1942 and subsequent years.
Day of marriage March 31, 1880
The temperature on March 31, 1880 was about 13.0 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 52%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
January 27 » Thomas Edison receives a patent for his incandescent lamp.
May 13 » In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway.
June 7 » War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, the assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), ends the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
June 28 » Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is captured at Glenrowan.
July 27 » Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
August 14 » Construction of Cologne Cathedral, the most famous landmark in Cologne, Germany, is completed.
Day of death June 9, 1935
The temperature on June 9, 1935 was between 6.1 °C and 20.5 °C and averaged 14.4 °C. There was 13.9 hours of sunshine (84%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
February 12 » USSMacon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.
March 16 » Adolf Hitler orders Germany to rearm herself in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Conscription is reintroduced to form the Wehrmacht.
May 6 » New Deal: Under the authority of the newly-enacted Federal Emergency Relief Administration, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issues Executive Order 7034 to create the Works Progress Administration.
September 15 » Nazi Germany adopts a new national flag bearing the swastika.
September 30 » The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
December 5 » Mary McLeod Bethune founds the National Council of Negro Women in New York City.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Michael Jacobs, "Family tree Jacobs", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-michael-jacobs/I4407.php : accessed March 6, 2026), "Josina Jacoba Catharina Biemans (1863-1935)".
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