January 8 » Second Jacobite rising: Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.
April 16 » The Battle of Culloden is fought between the French-supported Jacobites and the British Hanoverian forces commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, in Scotland. After the battle many highland traditions were banned and the Highlands of Scotland were cleared of inhabitants.
June 16 » War of the Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
October 22 » The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.
Day of marriage November 23, 1777
The temperature on November 23, 1777 was about 10.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: weerlicht. Source: KNMI
March 8 » Regiments from Ansbach and Bayreuth, sent to support Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, mutiny in the town of Ochsenfurt.
April 26 » Sybil Ludington, aged 16, rode 40 miles (64km) to alert American colonial forces to the approach of the British regular forces
April 27 » American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Ridgefield: A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.
August 16 » American Revolutionary War: The Americans led by General John Stark rout British and Brunswick troops under Friedrich Baum at the Battle of Bennington in Walloomsac, New York.
September 19 » American Revolutionary War: British forces win a tactically expensive victory over the Continental Army in the First Battle of Saratoga.
October 7 » American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.
Day of death April 19, 1819
The temperature on April 19, 1819 was about 9.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 29 » Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore.
February 17 » The United States House of Representatives passes the Missouri Compromise for the first time.
May 25 » The Argentine Constitution of 1819 is promulgated.
June 20 » The U.S. vessel SSSavannah arrives at Liverpool, United Kingdom. It is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic, although most of the journey is made under sail.
December 14 » Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state.
December 17 » Simón Bolívar declares the independence of Gran Colombia in Angostura (now Ciudad Bolívar in Venezuela).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter Mels, "Family tree Mels", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-mels/I103.php : accessed February 14, 2026), "Cornelis Jacob Jellis Mels (1746-1819)".
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