The temperature on July 13, 1831 was about 19.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: omtrent betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 14 » Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills Dejazmach Sabagadis in the Battle of Debre Abbay.
March 29 » Great Bosnian uprising: Bosniaks rebel against Turkey.
April 12 » Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge in Manchester, England, cause it to collapse.
June 1 » James Clark Ross becomes the first European at the North Magnetic Pole.
September 1 » The high honor of Order of St. Gregory the Great is established by Pope Gregory XVI of the Vatican State to recognize high support for the Vatican or for the Pope, by a man or a woman, and not necessarily a Roman Catholic.
November 11 » In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
Day of marriage November 16, 1868
The temperature on November 16, 1868 was about 7.9 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
April 10 » At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
May 30 » Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern "Memorial Day") is observed in the United States for the first time after a proclamation by John A. Logan, head of the Grand Army of the Republic (a veterans group).
July 9 » The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
July 25 » The Wyoming Territory is established.
November 2 » Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
December 10 » The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
Day of death January 7, 1914
The temperature on January 7, 1914 was between 0.3 °C and 4.6 °C and averaged 2.1 °C. There was 0.8 mm of rain. There was 4.4 hours of sunshine (55%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
August 2 » The German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I begins.
August 5 » World War I: The German minelayer SSKönigin Luise lays a minefield about 40 miles (64km) off the Thames Estuary (Lowestoft). She is intercepted and sunk by the British light-cruiser HMSAmphion.
October 5 » World War I: An aircraft successfully destroys another aircraft with gunfire.
December 15 » World War I: The Serbian Army recaptures Belgrade from the invading Austro-Hungarian Army.
December 24 » World War I: The "Christmas truce" begins.
December 25 » A series of unofficial truces occur across the Western Front to celebrate Christmas.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jim Joosten, "Family tree Bergse families", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-meesters-hermans/I19069.php : accessed May 4, 2024), "Arnoldus Speekenbrink (1831-1914)".
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