Family tree Mazenier » Catharina Theresia KESTENS (1788-1864)

Day of marriage April 29, 1818

• The temperature on April 29, 1818 was about 11.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 15 » A paper by David Brewster is read to the Royal Society, belatedly announcing his discovery of what we now call the biaxial class of doubly-refracting crystals. On the same day, Augustin-Jean Fresnel signs a "supplement" (submitted four days later) on reflection of polarized light.
  • February 12 » Bernardo O'Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
  • April 4 » The United States Congress, affirming the Second Continental Congress, adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 at that time).
  • October 20 » The Convention of 1818 is signed between the United States and the United Kingdom, which settles the Canada–United States border on the 49th parallel for most of its length.
  • December 13 » Cyril VI of Constantinople resigns from his position as Ecumenical Patriarch.
  • December 24 » The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.

Day of death December 21, 1864

• The temperature on December 21, 1864 was about -0.5 °C. The air pressure was 1.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1864: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • April 22 » The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 that mandates that the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
  • August 23 » American Civil War: The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama, thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico except Galveston, Texas.
  • September 7 » American Civil War: Atlanta is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
  • September 29 » The Treaty of Lisbon defines the boundaries between Spain and Portugal and abolishes the Couto Misto microstate.
  • October 2 » American Civil War: Confederates defeat a Union attack on Saltville, Virginia. A massacre of wounded Union prisoners (most of them are from a Black cavalry unit) ensues.
  • November 25 » American Civil War: A group of Confederate operatives calling themselves the Confederate Army of Manhattan starts fires in more than 20 locations in an unsuccessful attempt to burn down New York City.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1807 » John Newton, English soldier and minister (b. 1725)
• 1824 » James Parkinson, English physician and paleontologist (b. 1755)
• 1869 » Friedrich Ernst Scheller, German jurist and politician (b. 1791)
• 1873 » Francis Garnier, French admiral and explorer (b. 1839)
• 1889 » Friedrich August von Quenstedt, German geologist and palaeontologist (b. 1809)
• 1920 » Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, Somalian general, founded the Dervish movement (b. 1856)