January 1 » The first traveler's cheques, which could be used in 90 European cities, were issued by the London Credit Exchange Company.
June 9 » The British schooner Gaspee is burned in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island.
June 12 » French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men killed by Māori in New Zealand.
August 19 » Gustav III of Sweden stages a coup d'état, in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the Riksdag and the King.
August 21 » King Gustav III completes his coup d'état by adopting a new Constitution, ending half a century of parliamentary rule in Sweden and installing himself as an enlightened despot.
September 1 » The Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa is founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
Day of marriage May 1, 1793
The temperature on May 1, 1793 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-southwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
March 1 » French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
June 2 » French Revolution: François Hanriot, leader of the Parisian National Guard, arrests 22 Girondists selected by Jean-Paul Marat, setting the stage for the Reign of Terror.
August 12 » The Rhône and Loire départments are created when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire is split into two.
August 16 » French Revolution: A levée en masse is decreed by the National Convention.
November 3 » French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
December 18 » Surrender of the frigate La Lutine by French Royalists to Lord Samuel Hood; renamed HMSLutine, she later becomes a famous treasure wreck.
Day of death April 16, 1813
The temperature on April 16, 1813 was about 11.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 7 » In the action of 7 February 1813 near the Îles de Los, the frigates Aréthuse and Amelia batter each other, but neither can gain the upper hand.
February 20 » Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.
July 5 » War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York commence.
August 27 » French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.
October 8 » The Treaty of Ried is signed between Bavaria and Austria.
October 26 » War of 1812: A combined force of British regulars, Canadian militia, and Mohawks defeat the Americans in the Battle of the Chateauguay.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Marsel van der Wielen, "Family tree Mara", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-mara/I85.php : accessed January 27, 2026), "Wilhelmina van Elk (1772-1813)".
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