The temperature on November 18, 1839 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south. Weather type: betrokken windstil regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
June 3 » In Humen, China, Lin Tse-hsü destroys 1.2million kilograms of opium confiscated from British merchants, providing Britain with a casus belli to open hostilities, resulting in the First Opium War.
June 17 » In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace are established as a result.
July 3 » The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State University, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with three students.
August 23 » The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for the First Opium War with Qing China.
September 4 » Battle of Kowloon: British vessels open fire on Chinese war junks enforcing a food sales embargo on the British community in China in the first armed conflict of the First Opium War.
September 5 » The United Kingdom declares war on the Qing dynasty of China.
Day of marriage September 30, 1864
The temperature on September 30, 1864 was about 13.6 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 10 » Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed emperor of Mexico during the French intervention in Mexico.
April 18 » Battle of Dybbøl: A Prussian-Austrian army defeats Denmark and gains control of Schleswig. Denmark surrenders the province in the following peace settlement.
May 7 » The world's oldest surviving clipper ship, the City of Adelaide is launched by William Pile, Hay and Co. in Sunderland, England, for transporting passengers and goods between Britain and Australia.
September 2 » American Civil War: Union forces enter Atlanta, a day after the Confederate defenders flee the city, ending the Atlanta Campaign.
October 28 » American Civil War: A Union attack on the Confederate capital is repulsed.
December 16 » American Civil War: Battle of Nashville: Major General George Thomas's Union forces defeat Lieutenant General John Bell Hood's Confederate Army of Tennessee.
Day of death November 12, 1908
The temperature on November 12, 1908 was between 4.0 °C and 11.2 °C and averaged 6.8 °C. There was 5.7 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
March 9 » Inter Milan was founded on Football Club Internazionale, following a schism from A.C. Milan.
April 16 » Natural Bridges National Monument is established in Utah.
May 10 » Mother's Day is observed for the first time in the United States, in Grafton, West Virginia.
October 1 » Ford Model T automobiles are offered for sale at a price of US$825.
October 6 » The Bosnian crisis erupts when Austria-Hungary formally annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
October 14 » The Chicago Cubs defeat the Detroit Tigers, 2–0, clinching the 1908 World Series; this would be their last until winning the 2016 World Series.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gerard M. Kruithof, "Family tree Kruithof", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kruithof/I412022118574.php : accessed May 13, 2024), "Pieter Kruithof (1839-1908)".
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