The temperature on November 1, 1917 was between 1.3 °C and 11.0 °C and averaged 5.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 6.1 hours of sunshine (63%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 22 » World War I: President Woodrow Wilson of the still-neutral United States calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
March 8 » International Women's Day protests in St. Petersburg mark the beginning of the February Revolution (February 23rd in the Julian calendar).
May 27 » Pope Benedict XV promulgates the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the first comprehensive codification of Catholic canon law in the legal history of the Catholic Church.
July 27 » World War I: The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
October 13 » The "Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Portugal.
October 15 » World War I: Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by France for espionage.
Day of death October 31, 1918
The temperature on October 31, 1918 was between 1.3 °C and 11.1 °C and averaged 7.2 °C. There was 2.2 mm of rain. There was 3.4 hours of sunshine (35%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
February 25 » German forces capture Tallinn to virtually complete the occupation of Estonia.
May 29 » Armenia defeats the Ottoman Army in the Battle of Sardarabad.
June 22 » The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana.
August 27 » Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas in the only battle of World War I fought on American soil.
September 29 » The Hindenburg Line is broken by an Allied attack.
October 1 » Sayid Abdullah becomes the last Khan of Khiva.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Middendorp, "Family Tree Family tree Kraster uit de Kalkwijk bij Sappemeer in Groningen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kraster/I32281.php : accessed February 2, 2026), "Gerhardus Leinenga (1917-1918)".
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