The temperature on June 11, 1863 was about 14.9 °C. The air pressure was 8 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 65%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 10 » The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground.
April 16 » American Civil War: During the Vicksburg Campaign, gunboats commanded by acting Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter run downriver past Confederate artillery batteries at Vicksburg.
July 18 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner: One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
September 16 » Robert College, in Istanbul, the first American educational institution outside the United States, is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.
November 23 » American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins: Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and counter-attack Confederate troops.
November 27 » American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
Day of marriage April 19, 1890
The temperature on April 19, 1890 was about 5.9 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
July 2 » The U.S. Congress passes the Sherman Antitrust Act.
July 3 » Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
July 26 » In Buenos Aires, Argentina the Revolución del Parque takes place, forcing President Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman's resignation.
July 27 » Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
August 7 » Anna Månsdotter became the last woman to be executed in Sweden for the 1889 Yngsjö murder.
September 24 » The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially renounces polygamy.
Day of death March 13, 1934
The temperature on March 13, 1934 was between 2.9 °C and 8.8 °C and averaged 5.7 °C. There was 5.7 mm of rain during 3.1 hours. There was -0.1 hours of sunshine (0%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
May 23 » Infamous American bank robbers Bonnie and Clyde are ambushed by police and killed in Bienville Parish, Louisiana.
September 1 » The first Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animated cartoon, The Discontented Canary, is released to movie theatres.
September 8 » Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SSMorro Castle kills 137 people.
November 11 » The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, Australia is opened.
November 23 » An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, well within Ethiopian territory. This leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
December 1 » In the Soviet Union, Politburo member Sergey Kirov is assassinated. Stalin uses the incident as a pretext to initiate the Great Purge.
Day of burial March 17, 1934
The temperature on March 17, 1934 was between 1.7 °C and 9.9 °C and averaged 5.2 °C. There was 5.1 mm of rain during 4.3 hours. There was 2.9 hours of sunshine (24%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Middendorp, "Family Tree Family tree Kraster uit de Kalkwijk bij Sappemeer in Groningen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kraster/I24359.php : accessed January 8, 2026), "Jakob Gerrit Swama (1863-1934)".
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