The temperature on November 19, 1870 was about 3.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 6 » The inauguration of the Musikverein in Vienna, Austria.
February 27 » The current flag of Japan is first adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships.
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
August 8 » The Republic of Ploiești, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
November 1 » In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.
Day of marriage May 31, 1893
The temperature on May 31, 1893 was about 8.9 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 21 » The Tati Concessions Land, formerly part of Matabeleland, is formally annexed to the Bechuanaland Protectorate, now Botswana.
February 28 » The USSIndiana, the lead ship of her class and the first battleship in the United States Navy comparable to foreign battleships of the time, is launched.
April 1 » The rank of Chief Petty Officer in the United States Navy is established.
July 11 » The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kōkichi Mikimoto.
November 28 » Women's suffrage in New Zealand concludes with the 1893 New Zealand general election.
December 4 » First Matabele War: A patrol of 34 British South Africa Company soldiers is ambushed and annihilated by more than 3,000 Matabele warriors on the Shangani River in Matabeleland.
Day of death November 14, 1939
The temperature on November 14, 1939 was between 5.9 °C and 10.9 °C and averaged 9.1 °C. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from June 24, 1937 to July 25, 1939 the cabinet Colijn IV, with Dr. H. Colijn (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from July 25, 1939 to August 10, 1939 the cabinet Colijn V, with Dr. H. Colijn (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
February 27 » United States labor law: The U.S. Supreme Court rules in NLRB v. Fansteel Metallurgical Corp. that the National Labor Relations Board has no authority to force an employer to rehire workers who engage in sit-down strikes.
March 14 » Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.
April 9 » African-American singer Marian Anderson gives a concert at the Lincoln Memorial after being denied the use of Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution.
April 10 » Alcoholics Anonymous, A.A.'s "Big Book", is first published.
May 23 » The U.S. Navy submarine USS Squalus sinks off the coast of New Hampshire during a test dive, causing the death of 24 sailors and two civilian technicians. The remaining 32 sailors and one civilian naval architect are rescued the following day.
June 12 » Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Middendorp, "Family Tree Family tree Kraster uit de Kalkwijk bij Sappemeer in Groningen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kraster/I18481.php : accessed February 21, 2026), "Maria Kraai (1870-1939)".
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