In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 14 » Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
July 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
July 3 » American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
August 4 » Matica slovenská, Slovakia's public-law cultural and scientific institution focusing on topics around the Slovak nation, is established in Martin.
August 8 » American Civil War: Following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis (which is refused upon receipt).
October 3 » The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving Day by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
Day of marriage May 31, 1890
The temperature on May 31, 1890 was about 11.1 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
January 22 » The United Mine Workers of America is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
April 14 » The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C.
July 1 » Canada and Bermuda are linked by telegraph cable.
November 4 » City and South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
December 15 » Hunkpapa Lakota leader Sitting Bull is killed on Standing Rock Indian Reservation, leading to the Wounded Knee Massacre.
December 22 » Cornwallis Valley Railway begins operation between Kentville and Kingsport, Nova Scotia.
Day of death March 30, 1938
The temperature on March 30, 1938 was between 9.0 °C and 13.6 °C and averaged 11.1 °C. There was 0.2 hours of sunshine (2%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
February 11 » BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television programme, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Čapek play R.U.R., that coined the term "robot".
June 23 » The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
July 10 » Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.
September 30 » The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
October 5 » In Nazi Germany, Jews' passports are invalidated.
October 14 » The first flight of the Curtiss P-40 Warhawk fighter plane.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Middendorp, "Family Tree Family tree Kraster uit de Kalkwijk bij Sappemeer in Groningen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kraster/I18476.php : accessed January 25, 2026), "Trientje Smid (1863-1938)".
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