The temperature on January 5, 1878 was about 3.7 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
March 24 » The British frigate HMSEurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
May 25 » Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore opens at the Opera Comique in London.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.
Day of marriage October 22, 1898
The temperature on October 22, 1898 was about 13.0 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 100%. Source: KNMI
January 13 » Émile Zola's J'accuse…! exposes the Dreyfus affair.
February 7 » Dreyfus affair: Émile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing J'Accuse…!.
February 15 » The battleship USSMaine explodes and sinks in Havana harbor in Cuba, killing 274. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.
May 1 » Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay: The Asiatic Squadron of the United States Navy destroys the Pacific Squadron of the Spanish Navy after a seven-hour battle. Spain loses all seven of its ships, and 381 Spanish sailors die. There are no American vessel losses or combat deaths.
July 1 » Spanish–American War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
December 10 » Spanish–American War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, officially ending the conflict.
Day of death February 1, 1941
The temperature on February 1, 1941 was between -2.3 °C and 1.0 °C and averaged -0.4 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain during 0.5 hours. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the ??. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
March 15 » Philippine Airlines, the flag carrier of the Philippines takes its first flight between Manila (from Nielson Field) to Baguio City with a Beechcraft Model 18 making the airline the first and oldest commercial airline in Asia operating under its original name.
May 27 » World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaims an "unlimited national emergency".
October 11 » Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia.
December 7 » World War II: Attack on Pearl Harbor: The Imperial Japanese Navy carries out a surprise attack on the United States Pacific Fleet and its defending Army and Marine air forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (For Japan's near-simultaneous attacks on Eastern Hemisphere targets, see December 8.)
December 8 » World War II: Japanese forces simultaneously invade Shanghai International Settlement, Malaya, Thailand, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and the Dutch East Indies. (See December 7 for the concurrent attack on Pearl Harbor in the Western Hemisphere.)
December 10 » World War II: The Royal Navy capital ships HMSPrince of Wales and HMSRepulse are sunk by Imperial Japanese Navy torpedo bombers near British Malaya.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Middendorp, "Family Tree Family tree Kraster uit de Kalkwijk bij Sappemeer in Groningen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kraster/I16871.php : accessed March 8, 2026), "Maria Aten (1878-1941)".
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