Family tree Kraat-Lems » Huig Kok (1828-1908)

Day of marriage May 13, 1857

• The temperature on May 13, 1857 was about 13.5 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east-southeast. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1857: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 9 » The 7.9 M_w  Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).
  • March 6 » The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
  • April 18 » "The Spirits Book" by Allan Kardec is published, marking the birth of Spiritualism in France.
  • May 10 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
  • July 27 » Indian Rebellion: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
  • September 20 » The Indian Rebellion of 1857 ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops loyal to the East India Company.

Day of death January 8, 1908

• The temperature on January 8, 1908 was between 1.0 °C and 5.7 °C and averaged 3.5 °C. There was 6.4 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
• In the year 1908: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.7 million citizens.
  • January 15 » The Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority becomes the first Greek-letter organization founded and established by African American college women.
  • June 27 » A group of Vietnamese tirailleurs conducts a failed attempt to poison the entire French army's garrison in the Hanoi Citadel with the aim to make way for Hoàng Hoa Thám's rebel army to capture Hanoi.
  • July 26 » United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner (later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation).
  • November 7 » Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid are reportedly killed in San Vicente Canton, Bolivia.
  • November 22 » The Congress of Manastir establishes the Albanian alphabet.
  • December 28 » The 7.1 M_w  Messina earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 75,000 and 200,000.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1901 » John Barry, Irish soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1873)
• 1912 » Friedrich Schrempf, German journalist and politician (b. 1858)
• 1914 » Simon Bolivar Buckner, American general and 30th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1823)
• 1916 » Ada Rehan, Irish-American actress (b. 1860)
• 1916 » Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (b. 1884)
• 1918 » Johannes Pääsuke, Estonian photographer and director (b. 1892)