The temperature on August 13, 1819 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-southwest. Weather type: omtrent betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 6 » Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founds Singapore.
March 15 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel is adjudged the winner of the Grand Prix of the Académie des Sciences for his "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", which verifies the Fresnel integrals, accounts for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishes Newton's initial objection to the wave theory of light.
June 16 » A major earthquake strikes the Kutch district of western India, killing over 1,543 people and raising a 6m high, 6km wide, ridge, extending for at least 80km, that was known as the Allah Bund ("Dam of God").
July 1 » Johann Georg Tralles discovers the Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using polarimetry, by François Arago.
August 6 » Norwich University is founded in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States.
August 16 » Peterloo Massacre: Seventeen people die and over 600 are injured in cavalry charges at a public meeting at St. Peter's Field, Manchester, England.
Day of marriage August 4, 1860
The temperature on August 4, 1860 was about 16.1 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
January 1 » The first Polish stamp is issued, replacing the Russian stamps previously in use.
April 3 » The first successful United States Pony Express run from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, begins.
May 18 » Abraham Lincoln wins the Republican Party presidential nomination over William H. Seward, who later becomes the United States Secretary of State.
June 23 » The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
August 5 » Charles XV of Sweden of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim.
September 7 » Italian unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
Day of death February 14, 1900
The temperature on February 14, 1900 was about -1.5 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 90%. Source: KNMI
March 13 » British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War.
March 18 » AFC Ajax Amsterdam, The Netherlands's biggest and most successful football club, was founded.
May 23 » American Civil War: Sergeant William Harvey Carney is awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism in the Assault on the Battery Wagner in 1863.
June 14 » The second German Naval Law calls for the Imperial German Navy to be doubled in size, resulting in an Anglo-German naval arms race.
June 21 » Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
July 2 » Jean Sibelius' Finlandia receives its première performance in Helsinki with the Helsinki Philharmonic Society conducted by Robert Kajanus.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Tjitze Koster, "Family tree Koster Twijslerheide e.o.", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-koster/I3880.php : accessed February 14, 2026), "Steintje Oedzes Feenstra (1819-1900)".
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