Family tree Kort-Kraak » Cornelia Zwartjes (1792-1862)

Christening day April 7, 1792

• The temperature on April 7, 1792 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
• Erfstadhouder Prins Willem V (Willem Batavus) (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1751 till 1795 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden)
• In the year 1792: Source: Wikipedia
  • March 16 » King Gustav III of Sweden is shot; he dies on March 29.
  • April 25 » Highwayman Nicolas J. Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine.
  • May 11 » Robert Gray commands the first expedition to sail into the Columbia River.
  • August 13 » King Louis XVI of France is formally arrested by the National Tribunal, and declared an enemy of the people.
  • September 2 » During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.
  • October 3 » A militia departs from the Spanish stronghold of Valdivia to quell a Huilliche uprising in southern Chile.

Day of marriage February 2, 1818

• The temperature on February 2, 1818 was about 2.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south. Weather type: betrokken sneeuw. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
  • April 19 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
  • April 20 » The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld.
  • July 29 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.
  • December 3 » Illinois becomes the 21st U.S. state.
  • December 24 » The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.

Day of death January 9, 1862

• The temperature on January 9, 1862 was about 8.2 °C. There was 14 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m² and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1862: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • January 30 » The first American ironclad warship, the USSMonitor is launched.
  • February 10 » American Civil War: A Union naval flotilla destroys the bulk of the Confederate Mosquito Fleet in the Battle of Elizabeth City on the Pasquotank River in North Carolina.
  • February 21 » American Civil War: Battle of Valverde is fought near Fort Craig in New Mexico Territory.
  • March 9 » American Civil War: USSMonitor and CSSVirginia fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads, the first battle between two ironclad warships.
  • September 2 » American Civil War: United States President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George B. McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run.
  • November 28 » American Civil War: In the Battle of Cane Hill, Union troops under General James G. Blunt defeat General John Marmaduke's Confederates.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1848 » Caroline Herschel, German-English astronomer (b. 1750)
• 1856 » Neophytos Vamvas, Greek cleric and educator (b. 1770)
• 1858 » Anson Jones, American physician and politician; 4th President of the Republic of Texas (b. 1798)
• 1873 » Napoleon III, French politician, 1st President of France (b. 1808)
• 1876 » Samuel Gridley Howe, American physician and activist (b. 1801)
• 1878 » Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. 1820)