The temperature on July 23, 1871 was about 21.7 °C. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 53%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 28 » The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.
May 21 » Opening of the first rack railway in Europe, the Rigi Bahnen on Mount Rigi.
June 16 » The Universities Tests Act 1871 allows students to enter the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests (except for those intending to study theology).
July 2 » Victor Emmanuel II of Italy enters Rome after having conquered it from the Papal States.
July 29 » The Connecticut Valley Railroad opens between Old Saybrook, Connecticut and Hartford, Connecticut in the United States.
November 16 » The National Rifle Association receives its charter from New York State.
Day of marriage June 18, 1897
The temperature on June 18, 1897 was about 11.2 °C. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
February 28 » Queen Ranavalona III, the last monarch of Madagascar, is deposed by a French military force.
April 18 » The Greco-Turkish War is declared between Greece and the Ottoman Empire.
May 26 » The original manuscript of William Bradford's history, "Of Plymouth Plantation" is returned to the Governor of Massachusetts by the Bishop of London after being taken during the American Revolutionary War.
August 10 » German chemist Felix Hoffmann discovers an improved way of synthesizing acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
September 12 » Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service.
November 1 » The first Library of Congress building opens its doors to the public; the library had previously been housed in the Congressional Reading Room in the U.S. Capitol.
Day of death September 25, 1942
The temperature on September 25, 1942 was between 6.5 °C and 16.2 °C and averaged 11.1 °C. There was 0.3 mm of rain. There was 4.0 hours of sunshine (33%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 12 » World War II: United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt creates the National War Labor Board.
January 20 » World War II: At the Wannsee Conference held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee, senior Nazi German officials discuss the implementation of the "Final Solution to the Jewish question".
April 18 » Pierre Laval becomes Prime Minister of Vichy France.
June 7 » World War II: Aleutian Islands Campaign: Imperial Japanese soldiers begin occupying the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
July 23 » World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
December 22 » World War II: Adolf Hitler signs the order to develop the V-2 rocket as a weapon.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Kees Kesting, "Family tree Kesting (div)", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kesting/I1493.php : accessed January 2, 2026), "Elisabeth Kesting (1871-1942)".
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