The temperature on November 17, 1874 was about 6.6 °C. There was 0.7 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 82%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
February 28 » One of the longest cases ever heard in an English court ends when the defendant is convicted of perjury for attempting to assume the identity of the heir to the Tichborne baronetcy.
March 18 » Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
May 27 » The first group of Dorsland trekkers under the leadership of Gert Alberts leaves Pretoria.
July 23 » Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa, India.
August 5 » Japan launches its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in the United Kingdom.
November 7 » A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
Day of marriage April 9, 1898
The temperature on April 9, 1898 was about 13.2 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 52%. Source: KNMI
January 1 » New York, New York annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
February 7 » Dreyfus affair: Émile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing J'Accuse…!.
June 21 » The United States captures Guam from Spain. The few warning shots fired by the U.S. naval vessels are misinterpreted as salutes by the Spanish garrison, which was unaware that the two nations were at war.
September 21 » Empress Dowager Cixi seizes power and ends the Hundred Days' Reform in China.
October 18 » The United States takes possession of Puerto Rico from Spain.
December 3 » The Duquesne Country and Athletic Club defeated an all-star collection of early football players 16–0, in what is considered to be the very first all-star game for professional American football.
Day of death May 18, 1961
The temperature on May 18, 1961 was between 7.9 °C and 14.9 °C and averaged 11.6 °C. There was 14.2 hours of sunshine (90%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
May 28 » Peter Benenson's article The Forgotten Prisoners is published in several internationally read newspapers. This will later be thought of as the founding of the human rights organization Amnesty International.
July 12 » Indian city Pune floods due to failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams, killing at least two thousand people.
August 13 » Cold War: East Germany closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West, and construction of the Berlin Wall is started.
September 1 » The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate.
October 1 » East and West Cameroon merge to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
October 30 » Due to "violations of Vladimir Lenin's precepts", it is decreed that Joseph Stalin's body be removed from its place of honour inside Lenin's tomb and buried near the Kremlin Wall with a plain granite marker.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Theo Kelner, "Family tree Kelner", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kelner/I810.php : accessed January 20, 2026), "Jan de Groot (1874-1961)".
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