The temperature on March 13, 1838 was about -1.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north. Weather type: betrokken mist. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
January 26 » Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States.
February 17 » Weenen massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal are killed by Zulus.
February 28 » Robert Nelson, leader of the Patriotes, proclaims the independence of Lower Canada (today Quebec).
April 30 » Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
October 27 » Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
Day of marriage February 8, 1863
The temperature on February 8, 1863 was about 5.6 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 14 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
June 14 » Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
June 20 » American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
September 6 » American Civil War: Confederate forces evacuate Battery Wagner and Morris Island in South Carolina.
November 17 » American Civil War: Siege of Knoxville begins: Confederate forces led by General James Longstreet place Knoxville, Tennessee, under siege.
November 25 » American Civil War: Battle of Missionary Ridge: At Missionary Ridge in Tennessee, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant break the Siege of Chattanooga by routing Confederate troops under General Braxton Bragg.
Day of death January 13, 1901
The temperature on January 13, 1901 was between -8.0 °C and -2.0 °C and averaged -4.4 °C. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). Source: KNMI
January 1 » Nigeria becomes a British protectorate.
April 25 » New York becomes the first U.S. state to require automobile license plates.
May 9 » Australia opens its first national parliament in Melbourne.
November 1 » Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate fraternity, is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, Virginia.
November 8 » Gospel riots: Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.
November 18 » Britain and the United States sign the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, which nullifies the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty and withdraws British objections to an American-controlled canal in Panama.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter Keesman, "Family tree Keesman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-keesman/I29682.php : accessed February 12, 2026), "Maartje Wit (1838-1901)".
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