The temperature on November 23, 1871 was about -0.5 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 19 » Franco-Prussian War: In the Siege of Paris, Prussia wins the Battle of St. Quentin. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the Battle of Buzenval will end unsuccessfully the following day.
March 18 » Declaration of the Paris Commune; President of the French Republic, Adolphe Thiers, orders the evacuation of Paris.
March 29 » Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.
April 1 » The 3rd Duke of Buckingham opened the Brill Tramway, a short railway line to transport goods between his lands and the national rail network.
May 21 » Opening of the first rack railway in Europe, the Rigi Bahnen on Mount Rigi.
July 30 » The Staten Island Ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
Day of marriage May 31, 1900
The temperature on May 31, 1900 was about 11.6 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
January 6 » Second Boer War: Having already besieged the fortress at Ladysmith, Boer forces attack it, but are driven back by British defenders.
January 31 » Datu Muhammad Salleh is killed in Kampung Teboh, Tambunan, ending the Mat Salleh Rebellion.
February 28 » The Second Boer War: The 118-day "Siege of Ladysmith" is lifted.
May 22 » The Associated Press is formed in New York City as a non-profit news cooperative.
July 27 » Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, "Hun" would be a disparaging name for Germans.
August 14 » The Eight-Nation Alliance occupies Beijing, China, in a campaign to end the bloody Boxer Rebellion in China.
Day of death December 31, 1944
The temperature on December 31, 1944 was between -2.3 °C and 3.1 °C and averaged 0.6 °C. There was 3.1 hours of sunshine (40%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
June 4 » World War II: A hunter-killer group of the United States Navy captures the German submarine U-505: The first time a U.S. Navy vessel had captured an enemy vessel at sea since the 19th century.
June 22 » U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill.
July 6 » Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to a court-martial.
August 19 » World War II: Liberation of Paris: Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.
August 20 » World War II: The Battle of Romania begins with a major Soviet Union offensive.
October 25 » Second World War: The USSTang under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine ace of the war) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peter Keesman, "Family tree Keesman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-keesman/I24643.php : accessed February 2, 2026), "Elisabeth Nicola (1871-1944)".
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