The temperature on October 1, 1830 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 13 » Ecuador gains its independence from Gran Colombia.
June 12 » Beginning of the Invasion of Algiers: Thiry-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
August 2 » Charles X of France abdicates the throne in favor of his grandson Henri.
August 9 » Louis Philippe becomes the king of the French following abdication of Charles X.
August 28 » The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's new Tom Thumb steam locomotive races a horse-drawn car, presaging steam's role in U.S. railroads.
November 27 » Saint Catherine Labouré experiences a Marian apparition.
Day of marriage May 13, 1868
The temperature on May 13, 1868 was about 21.0 °C. There was 0.4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
March 5 » Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito, receives its premiere performance at La Scala.
June 10 » Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.
August 13 » The 8.5–9.0 Mw Arica earthquake struck southern Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing 25,000+ deaths and a destructive basin wide tsunami that affected Hawaii and New Zealand.
September 23 » Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
November 2 » Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
December 10 » The first traffic lights are installed, outside the Palace of Westminster in London. Resembling railway signals, they use semaphore arms and are illuminated at night by red and green gas lamps.
Day of death March 28, 1909
The temperature on March 28, 1909 was between 1.9 °C and 10.9 °C and averaged 6.6 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain. There was 0.9 hours of sunshine (7%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
February 2 » The Paris Film Congress opens. An attempt by European producers to form an equivalent to the MPCC cartel in the United States.
February 12 » New Zealand's worst maritime disaster of the 20th century happens when the SSPenguin, an inter-island ferry, sinks and explodes at the entrance to Wellington Harbour.
February 15 » The Flores Theater fire in Acapulco, Mexico kills 250.
February 23 » The AEA Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British Empire.
May 13 » The first Giro d'Italia starts from Milan. Italian cyclist Luigi Ganna will be the winner.
October 16 » William Howard Taft and Porfirio Díaz hold the first summit between a U.S. and a Mexican president. They narrowly escape assassination.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: G. de Jong, "Family tree Karsten", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-karsten/I984.php : accessed January 20, 2026), "Rients Heeg (1830-1909)".
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