The temperature on March 22, 1870 was about 7.2 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 5 » Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
February 9 » William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which soon comes to be referred to as volleyball.
April 8 » In Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. the Supreme Court of the United States declares unapportioned income tax to be unconstitutional.
June 11 » Paris–Bordeaux–Paris, sometimes called the first automobile race in history or the "first motor race", takes place.
October 4 » Horace Rawlins wins the first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship.
November 28 » The first American automobile race takes place over the 54 miles from Chicago's Jackson Park to Evanston, Illinois. Frank Duryea wins in approximately 10 hours.
Day of death February 13, 1943
The temperature on February 13, 1943 was between 4.2 °C and 7.4 °C and averaged 5.8 °C. There was 0.4 mm of rain during 0.3 hours. There was 4.7 hours of sunshine (48%). The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 15 » The Pentagon is dedicated in Arlington, Virginia.
February 14 » World War II: Rostov-on-Don, Russia is liberated.
July 4 » World War II: In Gibraltar, a Royal Air Force B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into the sea in an apparent accident moments after takeoff, killing sixteen passengers on board, including general Władysław Sikorski, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile; only the pilot survives.
July 12 » German and Soviet forces engage in one of the largest armored engagements of all time.
September 8 » World War II: The O.B.S. (German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone) is attacked in an air raid on Frascati.
September 18 » World War II: Adolf Hitler orders the deportation of Danish Jews.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jan Kaper, "Family tree Kaper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kaper/I54366.php : accessed January 26, 2026), "Harmke Toren (1870-1943)".
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