The temperature on September 6, 1856 was about 14.1 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The atmospheric humidity was 74%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
February 11 » The Kingdom of Awadh is annexed by the British East India Company and Wajid Ali Shah, the king of Awadh, is deposed.
February 22 » The United States Republican Party opens its first national convention in Pittsburgh.
April 21 » Australian labour movement: Stonemasons and building workers on building sites around Melbourne march from the University of Melbourne to Parliament House to achieve an eight-hour day.
May 21 » Lawrence, Kansas is captured and burned by pro-slavery forces.
July 31 » Christchurch, New Zealand is chartered as a city.
August 10 » The Last Island hurricane strikes Louisiana, resulting in over 200 deaths.
Day of marriage May 16, 1885
The temperature on May 16, 1885 was about 10.3 °C. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 67%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 17 » A British force defeats a large Dervish army at the Battle of Abu Klea in the Sudan.
March 14 » The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance at the Savoy Theatre in London.
March 19 » Louis Riel declares a provisional government in Saskatchewan, beginning the North-West Rebellion.
July 20 » The Football Association legalizes professionalism in association football under pressure from the British Football Association.
July 23 » President Ulysses S. Grant dies of throat cancer.
December 22 » Itō Hirobumi, a samurai, became the first Prime Minister of Japan.
Day of death February 24, 1947
The temperature on February 24, 1947 was between -12.3 °C and -1.4 °C and averaged -5.9 °C. There was 3.0 mm of rain during 4.3 hours. There was 2.0 hours of sunshine (19%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
February 28 » February 28 Incident: In Taiwan, civil disorder is put down with the loss of an estimated 30,000 civilians.
June 10 » Saab produces its first automobile.
June 24 » Kenneth Arnold makes the first widely reported UFO sighting near Mount Rainier, Washington, leading to the coining of the phrase "flying saucer".
October 26 » Kashmir conflict: The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu signs the Instrument of Accession with India.
October 30 » The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is founded.
November 25 » New Zealand ratifies the Statute of Westminster and thus becomes independent of legislative control by the United Kingdom.
Day of burial February 28, 1947
The temperature on February 28, 1947 was between -3.3 °C and -0.5 °C and averaged -1.5 °C. There was 13.4 mm of rain during 19.1 hours. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
January 15 » The Black Dahlia murder: the dismembered corpse of Elizabeth Short was found in Los Angeles.
February 21 » In New York City, Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera", the Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the Optical Society of America.
March 12 » Cold War: The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
August 14 » Pakistan gains Independence from the British Empire and joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
September 18 » The National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency are established in the United States by the National Security Act. It also establishes the Air Force as an equal partner of the Army and Navy.
October 26 » Kashmir conflict: The Maharaja of Kashmir and Jammu signs the Instrument of Accession with India.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Jan Kaper, "Family tree Kaper", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-kaper/I24073.php : accessed February 4, 2026), "Eltjo Tonkens (1856-1947)".
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