Family tree Joop Dales » Berend PENNINGS (1786-1870)

Day of marriage January 28, 1818

• The temperature on January 28, 1818 was about 4.0 °C. There was 26 mm of rainWind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 2 » The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded by a group of six engineers; Thomas Telford would later become its first president.
  • February 12 » Bernardo O'Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
  • March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
  • April 19 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
  • July 29 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.
  • December 3 » Illinois becomes the 21st U.S. state.

Day of death December 19, 1870

• The temperature on December 19, 1870 was about 8.5 °C. There was 9 mm of rain. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
• In the year 1870: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • January 3 » Construction work begins on the Brooklyn Bridge in New York, United States.
  • February 3 » The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
  • February 27 » The current flag of Japan is first adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships.
  • March 30 » Texas is readmitted to the United States Congress following Reconstruction.
  • April 13 » The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
  • September 1 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1848 » Emily Brontë, English novelist and poet (b. 1818)
• 1851 » Joseph Mallord William Turner, English painter (b. 1775)
• 1878 » Bayard Taylor, American author and poet (b. 1825)
• 1899 » Henry Ware Lawton, American general (b. 1843)
• 1915 » Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (b. 1864)
• 1916 » Thibaw Min, Burmese king (b. 1859)