Family tree Jan Werkman » Grietje Bruins Hoekstra (1830-1863)

Day of marriage March 20, 1856

• The temperature on March 20, 1856 was about 8.5 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1856: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • May 21 » Lawrence, Kansas is captured and burned by pro-slavery forces.
  • May 22 » Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina severely beats Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made regarding Southerners and slavery.
  • July 31 » Christchurch, New Zealand is chartered as a city.
  • September 2 » The Tianjing incident takes place in Nanjing, China.
  • October 8 » The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident.
  • November 27 » The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.

Day of death October 17, 1863

• The temperature on October 17, 1863 was about 13.1 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1863: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • January 29 » The Bear River Massacre: A detachment of California Volunteers led by Colonel Patrick Edward Connor engage the Shoshone at Bear River, Washington Territory, killing hundreds of men, women and children.
  • February 7 » HMSOrpheus sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189.
  • March 30 » Danish prince Wilhelm Georg is chosen as King George of Greece.
  • May 22 » American Civil War: Union forces begin the Siege of Port Hudson which lasts 48 days, the longest siege in U.S. military history.
  • May 23 » The General German Workers' Association, a precursor of the modern Social Democratic Party of Germany, is founded in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony.
  • June 14 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1836 » Orest Kiprensky, Russian painter (b. 1782)
• 1837 » Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1778)
• 1849 » Frédéric Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1810)
• 1868 » Laura Secord, Canadian war heroine (b. 1775)
• 1887 » Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist and chemist (b. 1824)
• 1889 » Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (b. 1828)