The temperature on November 17, 1856 was about 4.1 °C. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 77%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
January 29 » Queen Victoria issues a Warrant under the Royal sign-manual that establishes the Victoria Cross to recognise acts of valour by British military personnel during the Crimean War.
April 21 » Australian labour movement: Stonemasons and building workers on building sites around Melbourne march from the University of Melbourne to Parliament House to achieve an eight-hour day.
May 22 » Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina severely beats Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made regarding Southerners and slavery.
May 24 » John Brown and his men kill five slavery supporters at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas.
June 8 » A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMSBounty, arrives at Norfolk Island, commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
December 9 » The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces.
Day of marriage November 14, 1877
The temperature on November 14, 1877 was about 4.5 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 8 » Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.
May 5 » American Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.
May 9 » Mihail Kogălniceanu reads, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Declaration of Independence of Romania. This day became the Independence Day of Romania.
August 9 » Indian Wars: Battle of the Big Hole: A small band of Nez Percé Indians clash with the United States Army.
October 22 » The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners.
November 21 » Thomas Edison announces his invention of the phonograph, a machine that can record and play sound.
Day of death August 18, 1901
The temperature on August 18, 1901 was between 10.5 °C and 24.5 °C and averaged 17.6 °C. There was 8.2 hours of sunshine (56%). Source: KNMI
January 1 » The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton is appointed the first Prime Minister.
January 22 » Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
March 1 » The Australian Army is formed.
August 21 » Six hundred American school teachers, Thomasites, arrived in Manila on the USAT Thomas.
September 17 » Second Boer War: A Boer column defeats a British force at the Battle of Blood River Poort.
November 8 » Gospel riots: Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Wim Helsdingen, "Family tree Helsdingen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-helsdingen/I633.php : accessed February 18, 2026), "Maria Helsdingen (1856-1901)".
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