The temperature on September 11, 1837 was about 16.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 26 » Michigan is admitted as the 26th U.S. state.
May 3 » The University of Athens is founded in Athens, Greece.
July 1 » A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales.
July 25 » The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
December 7 » The Battle of Montgomery's Tavern, the only battle of the Upper Canada Rebellion, takes place in Toronto, where the rebels are quickly defeated.
December 17 » A fire in the Winter Palace of Saint Petersburg kills 30 guards.
Day of marriage April 16, 1863
The temperature on April 16, 1863 was about 13.6 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 1 » American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate territory.
April 30 » A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
July 30 » American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder.
August 21 » Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by pro-Confederate guerrillas known as Quantrill's Raiders.
September 19 » American Civil War: The first day of the Battle of Chickamauga, in northwestern Georgia, the bloodiest two-day battle of the conflict, and the only significant Confederate victory in the war's Western Theater.
October 29 » Eighteen countries meet in Geneva and agree to form the International Red Cross.
Day of death January 13, 1925
The temperature on January 13, 1925 was between -3.2 °C and 0.1 °C and averaged -1.1 °C. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 19, 1922 to August 4, 1925 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck II, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 4, 1925 to March 8, 1926 the cabinet Colijn I, with Dr. H. Colijn (ARP) as prime minister.
January 5 » Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming becomes the first female governor in the United States.
March 16 » An earthquake occurs in Yunnan, China.
March 21 » The Butler Act prohibits the teaching of human evolution in Tennessee.
April 4 » The Schutzstaffel (SS) is founded under Adolf Hitler's Nazi party in Germany.
July 21 » Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching human evolution in class and fined $100.
November 5 » Secret agent Sidney Reilly, the first "super-spy" of the 20th century, is executed by the OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Fokko Helder, "Family tree Helder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-helder/I982762.php : accessed June 24, 2024), "Pietje Brouwer (1837-1925)".
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