The temperature on September 2, 1845 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northwest. Weather type: betrokken dampig regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 29 » "The Raven" is published in The Evening Mirror in New York, the first publication with the name of the author, Edgar Allan Poe.
March 11 » Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefs Hone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.
March 13 » Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist.
March 25 » New Zealand Legislative Council pass the first Militia Act constituting the New Zealand Army.
September 23 » The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball team to play under the modern rules, is founded in New York.
December 27 » Journalist John L. O'Sullivan, writing in his newspaper the New York Morning News, argues that the United States had the right to claim the entire Oregon Country "by the right of our manifest destiny".
Day of marriage June 18, 1868
The temperature on June 18, 1868 was about 12.1 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 2 » Pro-Imperial forces captured Osaka Castle from the Tokugawa shogunate and burned it to the ground.
March 1 » The Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.
March 23 » The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
June 10 » Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.
November 2 » Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
December 25 » Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans.
Day of death July 15, 1873
The temperature on July 15, 1873 was about 20.4 °C. There was 0.3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 15 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 53%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
January 17 » A group of Modoc warriors defeats the United States Army in the First Battle of the Stronghold, part of the Modoc War.
February 18 » Bulgarian revolutionary leader Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities.
April 1 » The White Star steamer RMSAtlantic sinks off Nova Scotia, killing 547 in one of the worst marine disasters of the 19th century.
June 5 » Sultan Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar closes the great slave market under the terms of a treaty with Great Britain.
July 1 » Prince Edward Island joins into Canadian Confederation.
November 22 » The French steamer SS Ville du Havre sinks in 12 minutes after colliding with the Scottish iron clipper Loch Earn in the Atlantic, with a loss of 226 lives.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Fokko Helder, "Family tree Helder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-helder/I451841.php : accessed May 12, 2024), "Paulowna Charlotte de Leeuw (1845-1873)".
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