The temperature on September 8, 1877 was about 13.7 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 1 » Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom is proclaimed Empress of India.
April 24 » Russo-Turkish War: Russian Empire declares war on Ottoman Empire.
July 14 » The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 began in Martinsburg, West Virginia, when wages of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers were cut for the third time in a year. The strike was ended on Sept 4 by local and state militias, and federal troops.
September 24 » The Battle of Shiroyama is a decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion.
November 29 » Thomas Edison demonstrates his phonograph for the first time.
December 10 » Russo-Turkish War: The Russian Army captures Plevna after a 5-month siege. The garrison of 25,000 surviving Turks surrenders. The Russian victory is decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria.
Day of marriage December 31, 1903
The temperature on December 31, 1903 was between -7.2 °C and -1.2 °C and averaged -4.7 °C. There was 4.3 hours of sunshine (55%). Source: KNMI
January 4 » Topsy, an elephant, is electrocuted by the owners of Luna Park, Coney Island. The Edison film company records the film Electrocuting an Elephant of Topsy's death.
July 19 » Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
August 29 » The Slava, the last of the five Borodino-class battleships, is launched.
September 11 » The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
October 13 » The Boston Red Sox win the first modern World Series, defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates in the eighth game.
November 18 » The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the United States exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: G.O.Happé, "Family tree Happé", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-happe/I587.php : accessed January 6, 2026), "Gerarda Maria Verkerk (1877-????)".
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