January 18 » An X-ray generating machine is exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.
February 1 » La bohème premieres in Turin at the Teatro Regio (Turin), conducted by the young Arturo Toscanini.
May 18 » The United States Supreme Court rules in Plessy v. Ferguson that the "separate but equal" doctrine is constitutional.
June 15 » The deadliest tsunami in Japan's history kills more than 22,000 people.
July 28 » The city of Miami, Florida is incorporated.
September 22 » Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
Day of death December 9, 1918
The temperature on December 9, 1918 was between 1.9 °C and 8.8 °C and averaged 5.9 °C. There was 2.4 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 29 » Ukrainian–Soviet War: The Bolshevik Red Army, on its way to besiege Kiev, is met by a small group of military students at the Battle of Kruty.
March 16 » Finnish Civil War: Battle of Länkipohja is infamous for its bloody aftermath as the Whites executed 70–100 capitulated Reds.
May 28 » The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the First Republic of Armenia declare their independence.
August 30 » Fanni Kaplan shoots and seriously injures Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, which along with the assassination of Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky days earlier, prompts the decree for Red Terror.
September 29 » Germany's Supreme Army Command tells the Kaiser and the Chancellor to open negotiations for an armistice.
October 10 » RMS Leinster is torpedoed and sunk by UB-123, killing 564, the worst-ever on the Irish Sea.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: A.R. Hamstra, "Family tree Hamstra - Spanjer", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-hamstra-spanjer/R129.php : accessed October 26, 2026), "Geeske Hamstra (1896-1918)".
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