Family tree Groot, Schellinkhout » Dirk Kraal (1819-1878)

Day of marriage July 8, 1849

• The temperature on July 8, 1849 was about 20.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1849: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.1 million citizens.
  • January 22 » Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last Sikh defenders of Multan, Punjab, surrender.
  • February 5 » University of Wisconsin–Madison's first class meets at Madison Female Academy.
  • February 28 » Regular steamship service from the east to the west coast of the United States begins with the arrival of the SSCalifornia in San Francisco Bay, four months 22 days after leaving New York Harbor.
  • April 13 » Lajos Kossuth presents the Hungarian Declaration of Independence in a closed session of the National Assembly.
  • May 22 » Future U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is issued a patent for an invention to lift boats, making him the only U.S. president to ever hold a patent.
  • August 22 » The first air raid in history. Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of Venice.

Day of death March 25, 1878

• The temperature on March 25, 1878 was about 6.0 °C. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 58%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1878: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 4 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule and designated the capital of Liberated Bulgaria.
  • February 19 » Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
  • March 24 » The British frigate HMSEurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
  • October 22 » The Bramall Lane stadium sees the first rugby match played under floodlights.
  • November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
  • December 31 » Karl Benz, working in Mannheim, Germany, filed for a patent on his first reliable two-stroke gas engine, and he was granted the patent in 1879.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1857 » William Colgate, English-American businessman and philanthropist, founded Colgate-Palmolive (b. 1783)
• 1860 » James Braid, Scottish-English surgeon (b. 1795)
• 1869 » Edward Bates, American politician and lawyer (b. 1793)
• 1873 » Wilhelm Marstrand, Danish painter and illustrator (b. 1810)
• 1907 » Ernst von Bergmann, Latvian-German surgeon and academic (b. 1836)
• 1908 » Durham Stevens, American diplomat (b. 1851)