The temperature on March 9, 1838 was about 3.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
January 26 » Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States.
February 28 » Robert Nelson, leader of the Patriotes, proclaims the independence of Lower Canada (today Quebec).
June 10 » Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
July 15 » Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
November 3 » The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
Day of marriage October 31, 1867
The temperature on October 31, 1867 was about 11.5 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 13 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
January 8 » African American men are granted the right to vote in Washington, D.C.
March 1 » Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
March 29 » Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes Canada on July 1.
March 30 » Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2-cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
May 29 » The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 ("the Compromise") is born through Act 12, which establishes the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
November 3 » Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).
Day of death April 13, 1927
The temperature on April 13, 1927 was between 4.9 °C and 12.9 °C and averaged 8.9 °C. There was 0.6 mm of rain. There was 4.8 hours of sunshine (35%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
January 7 » The first transatlantic telephone service is established from New York City to London.
January 11 » Louis B. Mayer, head of film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), announces the creation of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, at a banquet in Los Angeles, California.
May 18 » After being founded for 20 years, the Government of the Republic of China approves Tongji University to be among the first national universities of the Republic of China.
May 21 » Charles Lindbergh touches down at Le Bourget Field in Paris, completing the world's first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
November 12 » Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in undisputed control of the Soviet Union.
December 19 » Three Indian revolutionaries, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Ashfaqulla Khan, are executed by the British Raj for participation in the Kakori conspiracy.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Elly Gelderman, "Family tree Gelderman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-gelderman/I8078.php : accessed February 22, 2026), "Hendrik Luttenberg (1838-1927)".
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