The temperature on July 20, 1878 was about 18.0 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
February 21 » The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.
February 22 » In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
May 25 » Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore opens at the Opera Comique in London.
November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
December 18 » The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar.
Day of marriage June 6, 1903
The temperature on June 6, 1903 was between 9.1 °C and 15.0 °C and averaged 11.3 °C. There was 0.5 hours of sunshine (3%). Source: KNMI
January 9 » Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, son of the poet Alfred Tennyson, becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.
March 14 » Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, the first national wildlife refuge in the US, is established by President Theodore Roosevelt.
June 19 » Benito Mussolini, at the time a radical Socialist, is arrested by Bern police for advocating a violent general strike.
July 4 » The Philippine–American War is officially concluded.
September 11 » The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
October 10 » The Women's Social and Political Union is founded in support of the enfranchisement of British women.
Day of death December 2, 1938
The temperature on December 2, 1938 was between 4.1 °C and 9.4 °C and averaged 6.6 °C. There was 1.0 mm of rain during 1.8 hours. There was 6.0 hours of sunshine (74%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 27 » Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Taierzhuang begins, resulting several weeks later in the war's first major Chinese victory over Japan.
April 10 » The 1938 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for a single list of Nazi candidates and the recent annexation of Austria.
July 17 » Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn to fly the "wrong way" to Ireland and becomes known as "Wrong Way" Corrigan.
September 12 » Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
September 30 » The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
October 30 » Orson Welles broadcasts his radio play of H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, causing anxiety in some of the audience in the United States.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Elly Gelderman, "Family tree Gelderman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-gelderman/I2645.php : accessed March 15, 2026), "Gerrit van den Esschert (1878-1938)".
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