The temperature on October 16, 1878 was about 11.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 80%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
February 22 » In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of five-and-dime Woolworth stores.
June 10 » League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
October 22 » The Bramall Lane stadium sees the first rugby match played under floodlights.
November 17 » First assassination attempt against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, who was armed with a dagger. The King survived with a slight wound in an arm. Prime Minister Benedetto Cairoli blocked the aggressor, receiving an injury in a leg.
Day of marriage October 13, 1905
The temperature on October 13, 1905 was between 2.3 °C and 11.9 °C and averaged 8.1 °C. There was 0.3 hours of sunshine (3%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 1, 1901 to August 16, 1905 the cabinet Kuijper, with Dr. A. Kuijper (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
February 5 » In Mexico, the General Hospital of Mexico is inaugurated, started with four basic specialties.
August 13 » Norwegians vote to end the union with Sweden.
September 8 » The 7.2 Mw Calabria earthquake shakes southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 557 and 2,500 people.
September 26 » Albert Einstein publishes the third of his Annus Mirabilis papers, introducing the special theory of relativity.
October 5 » The Wright brothers pilot the Wright Flyer III in a new world record flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes.
November 25 » Prince Carl of Denmark arrives in Norway to become King Haakon VII of Norway.
Day of death August 13, 1959
The temperature on August 13, 1959 was between 14.2 °C and 25.2 °C and averaged 19.7 °C. There was 8.2 hours of sunshine (55%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
March 28 » The State Council of the People's Republic of China dissolves the government of Tibet.
May 16 » The Triton Fountain in Valletta, Malta is turned on for the first time.
June 14 » Dominican exiles depart from Cuba and land in the Dominican Republic to overthrow the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed.
July 7 » Venus occults the star Regulus. This rare event is used to determine the diameter of Venus and the structure of the Venusian atmosphere.
August 7 » Explorer program: Explorer 6 launches from the Atlantic Missile Range in Cape Canaveral, Florida.
October 21 » President Eisenhower approves the transfer of all US Army space-related activities to NASA, including most of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Elly Gelderman, "Family tree Gelderman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-gelderman/I16696.php : accessed February 7, 2026), "Johannes Gerhardus Tönis (1878-1959)".
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