Family tree Gelderman » Sophia Elizabeth Christina Heitinga (1824-1864)

Day of marriage February 25, 1857

• The temperature on February 25, 1857 was about 7.4 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the south-southeast. The atmospheric humidity was 61%. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
• In the year 1857: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • January 9 » The 7.9 M_w  Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).
  • March 6 » The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
  • July 27 » Indian Rebellion: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
  • September 11 » The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
  • September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
  • September 22 » The Russian warship Lefort capsizes and sinks during a storm in the Gulf of Finland, killing all 826 aboard.

Day of death July 29, 1864

• The temperature on July 29, 1864 was about 22.8 °C. There was 0.8 mm of rain. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 65%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1864: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • April 8 » American Civil War: Battle of Mansfield: Union forces are thwarted by the Confederate army at Mansfield, Louisiana.
  • June 15 » American Civil War: The Second Battle of Petersburg begins.
  • June 29 » At least 99 people, mostly German and Polish immigrants, are killed in Canada's worst railway disaster after a train fails to stop for an open drawbridge and plunges into the Rivière Richelieu near St-Hilaire, Quebec.
  • July 28 » American Civil War: Battle of Ezra Church: Confederate troops make a third unsuccessful attempt to drive Union forces from Atlanta, Georgia.
  • September 29 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.
  • December 8 » Pope Pius IX promulgates the encyclical Quanta cura and its appendix, the Syllabus of Errors, outlining the authority of the Catholic Church and condemning various liberal ideas.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1839 » Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1755)
• 1844 » Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, Austrian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1791)
• 1856 » Robert Schumann, German composer and critic (b. 1810)
• 1857 » Thomas Dick, Scottish minister, astronomer, and author (b. 1774)
• 1887 » Agostino Depretis, Italian politician, 9th Prime Minister of Italy († 1813)
• 1890 » Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1853)