July 13 » Journalist and French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat is assassinated in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday, a member of the opposing political faction.
July 23 » Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
August 12 » The Rhône and Loire départments are created when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire is split into two.
September 5 » French Revolution: The French National Convention initiates the Reign of Terror.
November 3 » French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
December 18 » Surrender of the frigate La Lutine by French Royalists to Lord Samuel Hood; renamed HMSLutine, she later becomes a famous treasure wreck.
Christening day July 14, 1793
The temperature on July 14, 1793 was about 20.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
March 1 » French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
June 24 » The French Constitution of 1793 is formally adopted, although it is effectively suspended by the Committee of Public Safety.
August 27 » French Revolutionary Wars: The city of Toulon revolts against the French Republic and admits the British and Spanish fleets to seize its port, leading to the Siege of Toulon by French Revolutionary forces.
September 8 » French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Hondschoote.
October 13 » French Revolutionary Wars: Austro-Prussian victory over Republican France at the First Battle of Wissembourg.
December 25 » General "Mad Anthony" Wayne and a 300 man detachment identify the site of St. Clair's 1791 defeat by the large number of unburied human remains at modern Fort Recovery, Ohio.
Day of marriage September 16, 1813
The temperature on September 16, 1813 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
This page is only available in Dutch.
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 28 » Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is first published in the United Kingdom.
February 7 » In the action of 7 February 1813 near the Îles de Los, the frigates Aréthuse and Amelia batter each other, but neither can gain the upper hand.
March 4 » Cyril VI of Constantinople is elected Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
May 24 » South American independence leader Simón Bolívar enters Mérida, leading the invasion of Venezuela, and is proclaimed El Libertador ("The Liberator").
June 22 » War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon.
October 16 » The Sixth Coalition attacks Napoleon in the three-day Battle of Leipzig.
Day of death February 13, 1870
The temperature on February 13, 1870 was about -4.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 37 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 10 » John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
February 25 » Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American ever to sit in Congress.
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
March 30 » Texas is readmitted to the United States Congress following Reconstruction.
September 20 » The Bersaglieri corps enter Rome through the Porta Pia, and complete the unification of Italy.
December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Syts Kramer, "Family tree Kramer/Stel", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-familie-kramer/I7002.php : accessed May 9, 2024), "Aaltje Sapes Kloosterman (1793-1870)".
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