Family tree Eric Esterhuizen » Marthinus Wessel PRETORIUS (1849-1899)

Christening day January 31, 1850

• The temperature on January 31, 1850 was about -1.0 °C. There was 198 mm of rainWind direction mainly south. Weather type: betrokken. Special wheather fenomena: . Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1850: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.1 million citizens.
  • April 4 » A large part of the English village of Cottenham burns to the ground in suspicious circumstances.
  • April 4 » Los Angeles is incorporated as a city.
  • June 19 » Princess Louise of the Netherlands marries Crown Prince Karl of Sweden–Norway.
  • September 29 » The papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae restores the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England and Wales.
  • November 29 » The treaty, Punctation of Olmütz, is signed in Olomouc. Prussia capitulates to Austria, which will take over the leadership of the German Confederation.
  • December 16 » The Charlotte Jane and the Randolph bring the first of the Canterbury Pilgrims to Lyttelton, New Zealand.

Day of marriage August 15, 1870

• The temperature on August 15, 1870 was about 22.7 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 58%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
• In the year 1870: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • February 27 » The current flag of Japan is first adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships.
  • May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
  • May 14 » The first game of rugby in New Zealand is played in Nelson between Nelson College and the Nelson Rugby Football Club.
  • June 22 » The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
  • August 6 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Wörth results in a decisive Prussian victory.
  • October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.

Day of death June 15, 1899

• The temperature on June 15, 1899 was about 19.5 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 40%. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1897 to August 1, 1901 the cabinet Pierson, with Mr. N.G. Pierson (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1899: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.1 million citizens.
  • January 23 » The Malolos Constitution is inaugurated, establishing the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo is sworn in as its first President.
  • March 4 » Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a 12 metres (39ft) wave that reaches up to 5 kilometres (3.1mi) inland, killing over 300.
  • March 31 » Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces.
  • July 11 » Fiat founded by Giovanni Agnelli in Turin, Italy.
  • October 11 » The Second Boer War erupts in South Africa between the British-ruled Cape Colony, and the Boer-ruled Transvaal and Orange Free State.
  • November 28 » The Second Boer War: a British column is engaged by Boer forces at the Battle of Modder River; although the Boers withdraw, the British suffer heavy casualties.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1888 » Frederick III, German Emperor (b. 1831)
• 1889 » Mihai Eminescu, Romanian journalist, author, and poet (b. 1850)
• 1890 » Unryū Kyūkichi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 10th Yokozuna (b. 1822)
• 1917 » Kristian Birkeland, Norwegian physicist and academic (b. 1867)
• 1934 » Alfred Bruneau, French cellist and composer (b. 1857)
• 1938 » Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German painter and illustrator (b. 1880)