Family tree Eric Esterhuizen » Johannes Jacobus PRETORIUS (1831-1909)

Christening day May 15, 1831

• The temperature on May 15, 1831 was about 9.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: omtrent betrokken. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1831: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 2.9 million citizens.
  • March 29 » Great Bosnian uprising: Bosniaks rebel against Turkey.
  • April 12 » Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge in Manchester, England, cause it to collapse.
  • August 23 » Nat Turner's slave rebellion is suppressed.
  • August 29 » Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction.
  • September 1 » The high honor of Order of St. Gregory the Great is established by Pope Gregory XVI of the Vatican State to recognize high support for the Vatican or for the Pope, by a man or a woman, and not necessarily a Roman Catholic.
  • October 30 » Nat Turner is arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.

Day of marriage December 11, 1865

• The temperature on December 11, 1865 was about 5.6 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1865: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • February 1 » President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
  • April 15 » President Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth. Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes President upon Lincoln's death.
  • May 1 » The Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance.
  • May 9 » American Civil War: President Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation ending belligerent rights of the rebels and enjoining foreign nations to intern or expel Confederate ships.
  • November 18 » Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in the New York Saturday Press.
  • December 6 » Georgia ratifies 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Day of death March 23, 1909

• The temperature on March 23, 1909 was between 2.3 °C and 9.5 °C and averaged 5.4 °C. There was 4.4 hours of sunshine (36%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
• In the year 1909: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 5.8 million citizens.
  • February 2 » The Paris Film Congress opens. An attempt by European producers to form an equivalent to the MPCC cartel in the United States.
  • March 4 » U.S. President William Taft used what became known as a Saxbe fix, a mechanism to avoid the restriction of the U.S. Constitution's Ineligibility Clause, to appoint Philander C. Knox as U.S. Secretary of State.
  • April 6 » Robert Peary and Matthew Henson become the first people to reach the North Pole; Peary's claim has been disputed because of failings in his navigational ability.
  • April 11 » The city of Tel Aviv is founded.
  • October 26 » An Jung-geun assassinates Japan's Resident-General of Korea.
  • December 14 » New South Wales Premier Charles Wade signs the Seat of Government Surrender Act 1909, formally completing the transfer of State land to the Commonwealth to create the Australian Capital Territory.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1910 » Nadar, French photographer, journalist, and author (b. 1820)
• 1914 » Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès, Lebanese saint (b. 1832)
• 1923 » Hovhannes Tumanyan, Armenian poet and author (b. 1869)
• 1927 » Paul César Helleu, French painter and etcher (b. 1859)
• 1931 » Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (b. 1907)
• 1931 » Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (b. 1908)