The temperature on October 22, 1912 was between 3.2 °C and 9.0 °C and averaged 6.5 °C. There was 1.1 mm of rain. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-southeast. Source: KNMI
March 5 » Italo-Turkish War: Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
March 12 » The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts of the USA) are founded in the United States.
August 14 » U.S. Marines invade Nicaragua to support the U.S.-backed government installed there after José Santos Zelaya had resigned three years earlier.
September 28 » Corporal Frank S. Scott of the United States Army becomes the first enlisted man to die in an airplane crash.
October 24 » First Balkan War: The Battle of Kumanovo concludes with the Serbian victory against the Ottoman Empire.
October 26 » First Balkan War: The Ottomans lose the cities of Thessaloniki and Skopje.
Day of death December 23, 1913
The temperature on December 23, 1913 was between -0.6 °C and 2.9 °C and averaged 1.2 °C. There was 1.4 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 13 » The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
March 12 » The future capital of Australia is officially named Canberra.
April 4 » First Balkan War: Greek aviator Emmanouil Argyropoulos becomes the first pilot to die in the Hellenic Air Force when his plane crashes.
November 9 » The Great Lakes Storm of 1913, the most destructive natural disaster ever to hit the lakes, reaches its greatest intensity after beginning two days earlier. The storm destroys 19 ships and kills more than 250 people.
December 14 » Haruna, the fourth and last Kongō-class ship, launches, eventually becoming one of the Japanese workhorses during World War I and World War II.
December 17 » A spur of the Shaker Heights streetcar line opens, the first line of the eventual Cleveland RTA Rapid Transit system.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gert Esterhuizen, "Family tree Eric Esterhuizen", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eric-esterhuizen/I18449.php : accessed February 22, 2026), "Petrus Jacobus PRETORIUS (1912-1913)".
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