The temperature on March 23, 1865 was about 3.1 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 72%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 31 » American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolishing slavery and submits it to the states for ratification.
April 1 » American Civil War: Union troops led by Philip Sheridan decisively defeat Confederate troops led by George Pickett, cutting the Army of Northern Virginia's last supply line.
April 12 » American Civil War: Mobile, Alabama, falls to the Union Army.
May 13 » American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch: In far south Texas, the last land battle of the Civil War ends with a Confederate victory.
May 26 » American Civil War: The Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith, commander of the Confederate Trans-Mississippi division, is the last full general of the Confederate Army to surrender, at Galveston, Texas.
December 2 » Alabama ratifies 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, followed by North Carolina then Georgia, and U.S. slaves were legally free within two weeks
Day of marriage May 11, 1894
The temperature on May 11, 1894 was about 10.9 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from May 9, 1894 to July 27, 1897 the cabinet Roëll, with Jonkheer mr. J. Roëll (oud-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 9 » New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
May 11 » Four thousand Pullman Palace Car Company workers go on a wildcat strike.
June 28 » Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
July 4 » The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
July 22 » The first ever motor race is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen. The fastest finisher was the Comte Jules-Albert de Dion, but the 'official' victory was awarded to Albert Lemaître driving his 3hp petrol engined Peugeot.
September 1 » Over 400 people die in the Great Hinckley Fire, a forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Eric Brouwer, "Family tree Brouwer - Koster", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eric-brouwer/I62824.php : accessed February 20, 2026), "Gerradina Billenkamp (1865-????)".
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