From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
March 5 » Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
April 9 » On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.
May 27 » Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian unification.
June 30 » The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
October 17 » First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).
October 26 » The Expedition of the Thousand ends when Giuseppe Garibaldi presents his conquests to King Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia.
Day of death July 31, 1931
The temperature on July 31, 1931 was between 11.9 °C and 21.9 °C and averaged 17.1 °C. There was 5.7 hours of sunshine (37%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 7 » Guy Menzies flies the first solo non-stop trans-Tasman flight (from Australia to New Zealand) in 11 hours and 45 minutes, crash-landing on New Zealand's west coast.
March 23 » Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian independence movement.
May 14 » Five unarmed civilians are killed in the Ådalen shootings, as the Swedish military is called in to deal with protesting workers.
October 1 » Clara Campoamor persuades the Constituent Cortes to enfranchise women in Spain's new constitution.
October 17 » Al Capone is convicted of income tax evasion.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Eric Brouwer, "Family tree Brouwer - Koster", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eric-brouwer/I11070.php : accessed February 22, 2026), "Hendrica Maria Johanna Broers (1860-1931)".
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