The temperature on August 13, 1838 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west. Weather type: half bewolkt regenachtig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
April 30 » Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
September 3 » Future abolitionist Frederick Douglass escapes from slavery.
September 18 » The Anti-Corn Law League is established by Richard Cobden.
October 27 » Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage April 25, 1863
The temperature on April 25, 1863 was about 13.2 °C. The air pressure was 18 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 64%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 29 » The Bear River Massacre: A detachment of California Volunteers led by Colonel Patrick Edward Connor engage the Shoshone at Bear River, Washington Territory, killing hundreds of men, women and children.
February 24 » Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
May 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville begins.
May 18 » American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg begins.
June 17 » American Civil War: Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign.
September 16 » Robert College, in Istanbul, the first American educational institution outside the United States, is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.
Day of death December 23, 1897
The temperature on December 23, 1897 was about -6.8 °C. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
January 31 » Czechoslav Trade Union Association is founded in Prague.
February 1 » Shinhan Bank, the oldest bank in South Korea, opens in Seoul.
June 16 » A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
July 26 » Anglo-Afghan War: The Pashtun fakir Saidullah leads an army of more than 10,000 to begin a siege of the British garrison in the Malakand Agency of the North West Frontier Province of India.
August 31 » Thomas Edison patents the Kinetoscope, the first movie projector.
September 11 » After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: P. Heres, "Family tree Eilander", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eilander/I1099525588.php : accessed February 20, 2026), "Bartha Stegeman (1838-1897)".
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