The temperature on July 17, 1831 was about 18.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: half bewolkt bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 24 » The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, the first removal treaty in accordance with the Indian Removal Act, is proclaimed. The Choctaws in Mississippi cede land east of the river in exchange for payment and land in the West.
April 7 » Emperor Pedro I of Brazil resigns. He goes to his native Portugal to become King Pedro IV.
April 18 » The University of Alabama is founded in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
June 1 » James Clark Ross becomes the first European at the North Magnetic Pole.
July 20 » Seneca and Shawnee people agree to relinquish their land in western Ohio for 60,000 acres west of the Mississippi River.
August 12 » French intervention forces William I of the Netherlands to abandon his attempt to suppress the Belgian Revolution.
Day of marriage November 21, 1863
The temperature on November 21, 1863 was about 9.1 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 8 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 78%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 27 » American Civil War: First Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson.
June 7 » During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
July 3 » American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
September 9 » American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
October 26 » The Football Association is founded.
October 30 » Danish Prince Vilhelm arrives in Athens to assume his throne as George I, King of the Hellenes.
Day of death July 1, 1907
The temperature on July 1, 1907 was between 6.5 °C and 14.4 °C and averaged 11.4 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 6 » Maria Montessori opens her first school and daycare center for working class children in Rome, Italy.
August 3 » Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis fines Standard Oil of Indiana a record $29.4million for illegal rebating to freight carriers; the conviction and fine are later reversed on appeal.
August 31 » Russia and the United Kingdom sign the Anglo-Russian Convention, by which the UK recognizes Russian preeminence in northern Persia, while Russia recognizes British preeminence in southeastern Persia and Afghanistan. Both powers pledge not to interfere in Tibet.
September 7 » Cunard Line's RMSLusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.
December 16 » The American Great White Fleet begins its circumnavigation of the world.
December 31 » The first New Year's Eve celebration is held in Times Square (then known as Longacre Square) in Manhattan.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: P. Heres, "Family tree Eilander", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eilander/I1099490951.php : accessed January 13, 2026), "Aart van Essen (1831-1907)".
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