The temperature on November 5, 1861 was about 7.4 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 13 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
April 6 » First performance of Arthur Sullivan's debut success, his suite of incidental music for The Tempest, leading to a career that included the famous Gilbert and Sullivan operas.
May 13 » Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.
July 21 » American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army.
July 26 » American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
August 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek: A mixed force of Confederate, Missouri State Guard, and Arkansas State troops defeat outnumbered attacking Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
December 21 » Medal of Honor: Public Resolution 82, containing a provision for a Navy Medal of Valor, is signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln.
Day of marriage May 18, 1901
The temperature on May 18, 1901 was between 2.4 °C and 13.9 °C and averaged 8.2 °C. There was 6.4 hours of sunshine (40%). Source: KNMI
January 22 » Edward VII is proclaimed King after the death of his mother, Queen Victoria.
March 2 » The U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment limiting the autonomy of Cuba, as a condition of the withdrawal of American troops.
June 17 » The College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT.
July 24 » O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio, after serving three years for embezzlement from a bank.
September 14 » U.S. President William McKinley dies after being mortally wounded on September 6 by anarchist Leon Czolgosz and is succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt.
November 1 » Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate fraternity, is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, Virginia.
Day of death April 13, 1940
The temperature on April 13, 1940 was between -0.3 °C and 10.4 °C and averaged 4.8 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 10.6 hours of sunshine (77%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
May 15 » USSSailfish is recommissioned. It was originally the USS Squalus.
June 10 » World War II: The Kingdom of Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
July 10 » World War II: Six days before Adolf Hitler issues his Directive 16 to the combined Wehrmacht armed forces for Operation Sea Lion, the Kanalkampf shipping attacks against British maritime convoys begin, in the leadup to initiating the Battle of Britain.
September 12 » Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.
October 14 » World War II: The Balham underground station disaster kills sixty-six people during the London Blitz.
November 5 » World War II: The British armed merchant cruiser, HMSJervis Bay, is sunk by the German pocket battleship Admiral Scheer.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: P. Heres, "Family tree Eilander", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-eilander/I1099490943.php : accessed February 23, 2026), "Aart van Essen (1861-1940)".
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