The temperature on November 13, 1848 was about 8.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northwest. Weather type: betrokken . Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From November 21, 1848 till November 1, 1849 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Kempenaer - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. J.M. de Kempenaer (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
January 31 » John C. Frémont is court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
August 14 » Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.
September 13 » Vermont railroad worker Phineas Gage survives an iron rod 1⁄4 inches (3.2cm) in diameter being driven through his brain; the reported effects on his behavior and personality stimulate discussion of the nature of the brain and its functions.
September 29 » The Battle of Pákozd is a stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces, and is the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution.
November 3 » A greatly revised Dutch constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of parliament and ministers, is proclaimed.
December 5 » California Gold Rush: In a message to the United States Congress, U.S. President James K. Polk confirms that large amounts of gold had been discovered in California.
Day of death April 18, 1920
The temperature on April 18, 1920 was between 8.2 °C and 15.1 °C and averaged 10.8 °C. There was 2.6 mm of rain. There was 1.2 hours of sunshine (9%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 19 » The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
April 28 » Azerbaijan is added to the Soviet Union.
May 9 » Polish–Soviet War: The Polish army under General Edward Rydz-Śmigły celebrates its capture of Kiev with a victory parade on Khreshchatyk.
July 20 » The Greek Army takes control of Silivri after Greece is awarded the city by the Paris Peace Conference; by 1923 Greece effectively lost control to the Turks.
October 14 » Finland and Soviet Russia sign the Treaty of Tartu, exchanging some territories.
December 19 » King Constantine I is restored as King of the Hellenes after the death of his son Alexander of Greece and a plebiscite.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: M.C. Edelman, "Family tree Edelman", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-edelman/P45.php : accessed January 30, 2026), "Neeltje Vermaat (1848-1920)".
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