The temperature on October 15, 1840 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: betrokken winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 13 » The steamship Lexington burns and sinks four miles off the coast of Long Island with the loss of 139 lives.
February 6 » Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, establishing New Zealand as a British colony.
February 11 » Gaetano Donizetti's opera La fille du régiment receives its first performance in Paris, France.
May 7 » The Great Natchez Tornado strikes Natchez, Mississippi killing 317 people. It is the second deadliest tornado in United States history.
July 23 » The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
October 7 » Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.
Day of marriage August 13, 1863
The temperature on August 13, 1863 was about 18.5 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 4 » The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany.
May 14 » American Civil War: The Battle of Jackson takes place.
May 17 » Rosalía de Castro publishes Cantares Gallegos, the first book in the Galician language.
June 20 » American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
August 16 » The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country.
September 20 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga, in northwestern Georgia, ends in a Confederate victory.
Day of death January 16, 1917
The temperature on January 16, 1917 was between -2 °C and -0.3 °C and averaged -1.2 °C. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 4 » The first Pulitzer Prizes are awarded: Laura E. Richards, Maude H. Elliott, and Florence Hall receive the first Pulitzer for biography (for Julia Ward Howe). Jean Jules Jusserand receives the first Pulitzer for history for his work With Americans of Past and Present Days. Herbert B. Swope receives the first Pulitzer for journalism for his work for the New York World.
September 26 » World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.
October 25 » Old Style date of the October Revolution in Russia.
November 25 » World War I: German forces defeat Portuguese army of about 1,200 at Negomano on the border of modern-day Mozambique and Tanzania.
December 7 » World War I: The United States declares war on Austria-Hungary.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans de Ruiter, "Family tree De Ruiter en aanverwanten", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-ruiter-en-aanverwanten/I24360.php : accessed May 17, 2024), "Petronella Catharina van Spengen (1840-1917)".
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