January 2 » American statesman and diplomat John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China.
January 23 » Second Boer War: The Battle of Spion Kop between the forces of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State and British forces ends in a British defeat.
March 13 » British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War.
June 17 » Boxer Rebellion: Western Allied and Japanese forces capture the Taku Forts in Tianjin, China.
June 20 » Boxer Rebellion: The Imperial Chinese Army begins a 55-day siege of the Legation Quarter in Beijing, China.
July 9 » The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
Day of death January 23, 1963
The temperature on January 23, 1963 was between -9.5 °C and -0.4 °C and averaged -3.8 °C. There was 1.7 hours of sunshine (20%). The partly clouded was. Source: KNMI
February 5 » The European Court of Justice's ruling in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen establishes the principle of direct effect, one of the most important, if not the most important, decisions in the development of European Union law.
May 8 » South Vietnamese soldiers under the Roman Catholic President Ngo Dinh Diem open fire on Buddhists defying a ban on the flying of the Buddhist flag on Vesak, killing nine and sparking the Buddhist crisis.
June 3 » Soldiers of the South Vietnamese Army attack protesting Buddhists in Huế with liquid chemicals from tear-gas grenades, causing 67 people to be hospitalized for blistering of the skin and respiratory ailments.
June 10 » The Equal Pay Act of 1963, aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex, was signed into law by John F. Kennedy as part of his New Frontier Program.
June 21 » Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini is elected as Pope Paul VI.
September 4 » Swissair Flight 306 crashes near Dürrenäsch, Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I6707.php : accessed February 23, 2026), "Arend van den Hoek (1900-1963)".
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