The temperature on November 15, 1861 was about 5.2 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 9 » Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.
February 4 » American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from six break-away U.S. states meet and form the Confederate States of America.
February 13 » Italian unification: The Siege of Gaeta ends with the capitulation of the defending fortress, effectively bringing an end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
March 11 » American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
July 26 » American Civil War: George B. McClellan assumes command of the Army of the Potomac following a disastrous Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
November 7 » The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.
Day of marriage March 31, 1887
The temperature on March 31, 1887 was about 5.0 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 2 » In Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania the first Groundhog Day is observed.
February 23 » The French Riviera is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000.
April 10 » On Easter Sunday, Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of the Catholic University of America.
April 28 » A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, French police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of William I, German Emperor, defusing a possible war.
October 1 » Balochistan is conquered by the British Empire.
November 11 » August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed as a result of the Haymarket affair.
Day of death March 25, 1944
The temperature on March 25, 1944 was between 0.2 °C and 10.3 °C and averaged 5.6 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 10.6 hours of sunshine (85%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
June 15 » In the Saskatchewan general election, the CCF, led by Tommy Douglas, is elected and forms the first socialist government in North America.
June 15 » World War II: The United States invades Saipan, capital of Japan's South Seas Mandate.
June 20 » The experimental MW 18014 V-2 rocket reaches an altitude of 176km, becoming the first man-made object to reach outer space.
August 10 » World War II: The Battle of Narva ends with a combined German–Estonian force successfully defending Narva, Estonia, from invading Soviet troops.
October 12 » World War II: The Axis occupation of Athens comes to an end.
October 27 » World War II: German forces capture Banská Bystrica during Slovak National Uprising thus bringing it to an end.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I3858.php : accessed October 23, 2026), "Lodewijk Swertz (1861-1944)".
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