The temperature on March 4, 1860 was about 5.9 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
January 1 » The first Polish stamp is issued, replacing the Russian stamps previously in use.
March 28 » First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins.
April 9 » On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.
May 5 » Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.
May 27 » Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian unification.
December 26 » The first ever inter-club English association football match takes place between Hallam and Sheffield football clubs in Sheffield.
Day of death April 23, 1870
The temperature on April 23, 1870 was about 12.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 57%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
March 1 » Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
June 22 » The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
July 15 » Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson's Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I2916.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Johannes Jacobus Swertz (1860-1870)".
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