The temperature on September 17, 1831 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northwest. Weather type: omtrent betrokken bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
March 29 » Great Bosnian uprising: Bosniaks rebel against Turkey.
April 18 » The University of Alabama is founded in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
July 13 » Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.
July 21 » Inauguration of Leopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.
September 1 » The high honor of Order of St. Gregory the Great is established by Pope Gregory XVI of the Vatican State to recognize high support for the Vatican or for the Pope, by a man or a woman, and not necessarily a Roman Catholic.
October 9 » Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of independent Greece, is assassinated.
Day of marriage October 7, 1864
The temperature on October 7, 1864 was about 12.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 52%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 26 » Montana is organized as a United States territory.
June 29 » At least 99 people, mostly German and Polish immigrants, are killed in Canada's worst railway disaster after a train fails to stop for an open drawbridge and plunges into the Rivière Richelieu near St-Hilaire, Quebec.
July 24 » American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown: Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep them out of the Shenandoah Valley.
September 29 » The Treaty of Lisbon defines the boundaries between Spain and Portugal and abolishes the Couto Misto microstate.
October 15 » American Civil War: The Union garrison of Glasgow, Missouri surrenders to Confederate forces.
November 25 » American Civil War: A group of Confederate operatives calling themselves the Confederate Army of Manhattan starts fires in more than 20 locations in an unsuccessful attempt to burn down New York City.
Day of death February 3, 1912
The temperature on February 3, 1912 was between -19.9 °C and -8.3 °C and averaged -11.4 °C. There was 1.3 mm of rain. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-southeast. Source: KNMI
February 29 » The Piedra Movediza (Moving Stone) of Tandil falls and breaks.
April 14 » The British passenger liner RMSTitanic hits an iceberg in the North Atlantic at 23:40 (sinks morning of April 15th).
September 25 » Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York City.
October 14 » Former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot and mildly wounded by John Flammang Schrank. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still within it, Roosevelt delivers his scheduled speech.
October 19 » Italo-Turkish War: Italy takes possession of what is now Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
December 16 » First Balkan War: The Royal Hellenic Navy defeats the Ottoman Navy at the Battle of Elli.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I3270.php : accessed January 1, 2026), "Jan Lugtenburg (1831-1912)".
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