The temperature on July 23, 1865 was about 22.0 °C. There was 0.4 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 31 » American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolishing slavery and submits it to the states for ratification.
April 14 » U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked at home by Lewis Powell.
May 1 » The Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance.
May 25 » In Mobile, Alabama, around 300 people are killed when an ordnance depot explodes.
July 31 » The first narrow-gauge mainline railway in the world opens at Grandchester, Queensland, Australia.
December 18 » US Secretary of State William Seward proclaims the adoption of the Thirteenth Amendment, prohibiting slavery throughout the USA.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ronald de Bode, "Family tree De Bode", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-bode/I1465.php : accessed January 23, 2026), "Arie Kalkman (????-1865)".
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